How to Cite Sources

Step-by-step guides for every source type. Pick the kind of source you used below.

🌐

Citing a Website

Any webpage, article, or blog post you found online

1

Find the page title

Look at the top of the browser tab or the big heading at the top of the page. That's the title of the specific page you used — not the website's name.

e.g. "How Volcanoes Form"
2

Find the author's name

Scroll to the top or bottom of the article. Look for "By [Name]" or "Written by". If there's no author listed, that's okay — just leave it blank.

e.g. "By Sarah Jones" near the top
3

Find the website name

This is the organization or company that owns the site — usually in the logo at the top. It's different from the page title.

e.g. "National Geographic Kids" (not just "National Geographic")
4

Copy the URL

Click in the address bar at the top of your browser and copy the full web address. Make sure it starts with https://

e.g. https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/...
5

Record today's date

Websites can change or disappear. Write down the date you visited — this is called the "access date." You can use today's date.

🗺 Where to find each piece

Page titleBig heading on the page, or the browser tab text
Author name"By __" near the top or bottom of the article
Website nameThe logo or header at the very top of the site
Published dateNear the author name, or at the bottom — might say "Last updated"
URLThe address bar at the top of your browser

📄 Example citations

Jones, Sarah. "How Volcanoes Form." National Geographic Kids, 14 Mar. 2023, https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/... Accessed 10 Apr. 2026.
Jones, S. (2023, March 14). How volcanoes form. National Geographic Kids. https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/...
Jones, Sarah. "How Volcanoes Form." National Geographic Kids. March 14, 2023. https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/...
Jones, Sarah. "How Volcanoes Form." National Geographic Kids. 2023. https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/...
🔍

No author? No problem.

Many websites don't list an author. Just leave that field blank and your citation will still be correct.

📅

Can't find a date?

If there's no publish date, check the very bottom of the page. Some sites show a "copyright year" which you can use instead.

⚠️

Wikipedia is a starting point

Teachers often say not to cite Wikipedia directly. Use it to find better sources listed in its References section at the bottom!

Common questions

What if the website has a really long URL?
That's fine — copy the whole thing. If you're printing your paper, your teacher can always just look up the page title to find it. Some citation styles let you shorten URLs, but ReadyCiteGo will keep the full version to be safe.
The website looks kind of sketchy. Should I still cite it?
Good question! If you're not sure whether a source is trustworthy, use our Source Credibility Checker first. It'll help you decide if the source is worth using.
The page has no date anywhere. What do I write?
Leave the "Published date" field blank — ReadyCiteGo will automatically write "n.d." (which stands for "no date") in APA format, which is the correct way to handle it.
📚

Citing a Book

Printed books, e-books, and textbooks

1

Find the title page

Open to the very first pages of the book. The title page has the full title, the author's name, the publisher, and the year. This is your best source for all the information you need.

2

Write down the author's full name

In citations, we put the last name first. So "Jane Smith" becomes "Smith, Jane." If there are two authors, list both.

e.g. Smith, Jane
3

Find the publisher and year

Flip to the copyright page — it's usually the back of the title page. You'll see the publisher's name and the copyright year (©). Use the most recent year listed.

e.g. © 2021 Scholastic Inc.
4

Try the ISBN auto-fill ✨

Every book has an ISBN number — a long number usually printed near the barcode on the back cover. Paste it into ReadyCiteGo's "Auto-fill from ISBN" box and it will fill in all the fields for you!

ISBN is on the back cover near the barcode

🗺 Where to find each piece

TitleTitle page (first few pages of the book)
Author nameTitle page or front cover
PublisherCopyright page (back of title page)
YearCopyright page — look for the © symbol
ISBNBack cover, near the barcode — starts with 978

📄 Example citations

Chin, Jason. Coral Reefs. Roaring Brook Press, 2011.
Chin, J. (2011). Coral reefs. Roaring Brook Press.
Chin, Jason. Coral Reefs. New York: Roaring Brook Press, 2011.
Chin, Jason. "Coral Reefs." Roaring Brook Press. 2011.
🪄

Use the ISBN lookup

Paste the ISBN from the back of the book and ReadyCiteGo fills everything in automatically. Saves a ton of time!

✍️

Titles go in italics

Book titles are always italicized in citations. ReadyCiteGo does this automatically — but if you're writing by hand, underline instead.

👥

Two authors

If a book has two authors, MLA format uses: "Smith, Jane, and John Brown." The second author's name is written normally (first name first).

Common questions

I used an encyclopedia, not a regular book. Is it the same?
Almost! For an encyclopedia entry (like from World Book or Britannica), use the "Article" source type instead. You'll list the article title and the encyclopedia name separately.
My book has a second edition. Do I include that?
Yes! In Advanced mode, there's an "Edition" field. Type "2nd ed." or "3rd ed." ReadyCiteGo will put it in the right place in the citation.
▶️

Citing a YouTube Video

YouTube videos, educational clips, documentaries online

1

Copy the video title

Find the exact title of the video. It's shown in big text below the video player. Copy it exactly — including any capitalization and punctuation.

e.g. "How Does the Water Cycle Work?"
2

Find the channel name

The channel name is shown below the video title, next to the channel's logo. Click on it to make sure you get the full, official channel name.

e.g. SciShow Kids (not "scishow" or "Sci Show")
3

Find the upload date

The upload date is shown below the video, usually near the view count. It might show "3 years ago" — click on it to see the exact date.

e.g. Jan 15, 2021
4

Copy the URL

Copy the link from your browser's address bar. A shorter link like youtu.be/... works just as well as the full youtube.com/watch?v=... link.

🗺 Where to find each piece

Video titleBig text directly below the video player
Channel nameBelow the title, next to the channel icon
Upload dateBelow the video, near the view count — click to see full date
URLAddress bar at the top of your browser

📄 Example citations

"How Does the Water Cycle Work?" YouTube, uploaded by SciShow Kids, 15 Jan. 2021, https://youtu.be/example.
SciShow Kids. (2021, January 15). How does the water cycle work? [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/example
SciShow Kids. "How Does the Water Cycle Work?" YouTube video. January 15, 2021. https://youtu.be/example.
🎓

Use trusted channels

Channels like SciShow Kids, Crash Course Kids, TED-Ed, and National Geographic are more credible than random accounts. Your teacher will notice the difference.

📺

It's about the uploader

In citations, we use the channel name — not the person speaking in the video, unless they're the same. "NASA" uploaded it, so "NASA" is what you list.

Common questions

I used a video on a website, not YouTube. Does this work?
If it's on another video site (like Vimeo or a news site), use the "Website" source type instead and include the video title as the page title. The format is very similar.
Do I have to include the full URL? It's really long.
Yes, include the full URL. If you used a youtu.be short link, that works great and is much shorter. Just paste whichever link you have.
📰

Citing a Magazine or Newspaper Article

Time for Kids, Scholastic News, local newspapers, online news

1

Find the article title

The article title is the headline — the big title of just that one article. It's different from the magazine or newspaper name.

e.g. "Ocean Plastic: The Growing Problem" (not "Time for Kids")
2

Find the magazine or newspaper name

This is the publication that printed the article — the magazine or newspaper's name, shown on the cover or in the website's logo.

e.g. Time for Kids, Scholastic News, The New York Times
3

Find the author

Look for a byline near the headline — it usually says "By [Name]." Some short magazine articles don't list an author, which is fine.

4

Find the volume, issue, and page numbers

In Advanced mode, you can add these. For a print magazine, the volume and issue numbers are usually on the cover. The page numbers are where the article starts and ends.

e.g. Vol. 25, No. 3, pp. 12–14

🗺 Where to find each piece

Article titleThe headline at the top of the article
Magazine/newspaperThe cover or website logo/header
Author name"By __" near the headline or at the bottom
Volume & issueFront cover, usually near the date
Page numbersBottom corner of the printed page

📄 Example citations

Rivera, Carlos. "Ocean Plastic: The Growing Problem." Time for Kids, vol. 12, no. 4, 2023, pp. 8–9.
Rivera, C. (2023). Ocean plastic: The growing problem. Time for Kids, 12(4), 8–9.
Rivera, Carlos. "Ocean Plastic: The Growing Problem." Time for Kids 12, no. 4 (2023): 8–9.
📋

Article title vs. magazine name

A common mix-up: "Time for Kids" is the magazine. "Ocean Plastic" is the article inside it. You need both, in separate fields.

💻

Online article?

If you read the article on a website, add the URL in the optional field. This helps your teacher find it.

🎤

Citing a Personal Interview

Conversations with experts, community members, or anyone you asked questions

1

Write down who you interviewed

Include the person's full name. If they have a title or job that's relevant (like "Dr." or "Principal"), you can include that too, but it's not required.

e.g. Dr. Maria Lopez, or Maria Lopez
2

Choose the interview type

Was it in person, on the phone, by email, or over a video call? Pick the one that matches. This goes in the citation so readers know how you talked to them.

3

Record the date

Write down the exact date the interview happened. If it was by email, use the date you received their reply.

e.g. March 15, 2026

📄 Example citations

Lopez, Maria. Personal interview. 15 Mar. 2026.
📌 In APA format, personal interviews are cited in-text only (not in the References list): (M. Lopez, personal communication, March 15, 2026)
Lopez, Maria. Interview. March 15, 2026.
📝

Take notes!

Always write down (or record with permission) what the person said. You'll need to quote or paraphrase their words accurately in your paper.

🙏

Ask permission first

Before you interview someone, ask a parent or teacher for permission. If you want to record the conversation, always ask the person being interviewed.

📧

Email counts!

If you emailed an expert and they wrote back, that counts as an interview. Use "Email interview" as the type, and the date they replied.

General Citation Questions

What's the difference between MLA, APA, and Chicago?
They're three different "rulebooks" for how to format citations. MLA is most common in English and humanities classes. APA is used in science and social studies. Chicago is used in history. Your teacher will tell you which one to use — if they don't say, MLA is a safe choice.
How many sources do I need?
That depends on your assignment. Your teacher will usually tell you. A good rule of thumb for a research report: at least 3 different sources, and try to mix it up (not all websites).
What is an annotated bibliography?
An annotated bibliography is a citation list where you add 2-3 sentences after each citation explaining what the source is about and why you used it. ReadyCiteGo has an "Annotated" toggle in the header that adds an annotation box to each citation.
My citation list has a red dot next to a source. What does that mean?
The colored dots show how complete your citation is. Red means you're missing some important information. Yellow means you have the basics but could add more. Green means it looks complete. Click on the dot to see a tip about what's missing.
How do I get my citations into Google Docs?
Click the "Copy for Google Docs" button in the bar at the bottom of ReadyCiteGo. Then open Google Docs and press Ctrl+V (or Cmd+V on a Mac) to paste. The formatting — including italics — should carry over automatically.

Ready to build your list?

Head back to ReadyCiteGo and start adding your sources.

✏️ Go to Citations →